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Vivadoxil 100mg 10 tabs, Doxycycline

Vivadoxil 100mg 10 tabs, Doxycycline
Model:DF, EQ, FA
Current Reviews:0
Price:$10.00

Vivadoxil 100mg 10 tabs, Doxycycline

THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS:

VIVRADOXIL ® is indicated for the treatment of gonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, bronchial infections in patients with obstructive chronic respiratory diseases and other infections. Doxycycline is considered the tetracycline of choice in patients with impaired renal function.
Rickettsiae: spotted fever Rocky Mountains, typhus and typhus fever, Q fever, rickettsialpox and tick fever. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Eaton agent, PPLO). Chlamydia psittaci, formerly agent of psittacosis and ornithosis. Chlamydia trachomatis, formerly agent of lymphogranuloma venereum.

VIVRADOXIL ® is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated infections of the urethra, endocervix or rectum in adults due to Chlamydia trachomatis. Calymmatobacterium (Donovania) granulomatis (granuloma agents before "groin"). Borrelia recurrentis and B. dutton, spirochetes responsible for relapsing fever transmitted by lice and ticks. Ureaplasma urealyticum (mycoplasma T), as agent of nongonococcal urethritis in men and associated with infertility. Plasmodium falciparum (falciparum malaria resistant to chloroquine).

The following gram-negative bacteria: Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid). Yersinia pestis (formerly Pasteurella pestis). Francisella tularensis (formerly Pasteurella tularensis). Bartonella bacilliformis. Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Vibrio cholerae (Vibrio comma before). Campylobacter fetus (formerly Vibrio fetus). Brucella spp., (With streptomycin).
Because many strains of the following microorganisms have been shown to be resistant to tetracyclines, it is recommended that cultures and sensitivity tests. Doxycycline is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by gram-negative bacteria the following, when bacteriological tests indicate that are sensitive to it:
· Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Escherichia coli. Enterobacter aerogenes. Shigella spp., Acinetobacter spp., (Formerly Mima spp. And Herellea spp.). Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections). Klebsiella spp. (Respiratory and urinary infections).

VIVRADOXIL ® is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria the following, when bacteriological tests indicate that are sensitive to the same: Streptococcus spp.: It has been found that a certain percentage of strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus faecalis are resistant to tetracyclines therefore not be used in Streptococcal infections, unless it has been demonstrated that the sensitivity of the germ.
In the case of upper respiratory tract infections due to β-hemolytic streptococcus, including prophylaxis of rheumatic fever, penicillin is the usual antibiotic of choice. Streptococcus pneumoniae (formerly Diplococcus pneumoniae), Staphylococcus aureus: respiratory infections, skin and soft tissue: Tetracyclines are antibiotics of choice for treating any staphylococcal infection.

When contraindications to the use of penicillin, doxycycline is an alternative antibiotic use in the management of infections: Treponema pallidum and Treponema pertenue (syphilis and yaws). Listeria monocytogenes. Crostridium spp., Bacillus anthracis. Leptotrichia buccalis (Fusobacterium fusiforme before), Vincent's infection. Actinomyces spp.

It may be useful in case of acute intestinal amebiasis, along with the administration of amebicides. In the treatment of severe acne, doxycycline may be a useful adjunct therapy. Doxycycline is indicated for the treatment of trachoma, although the causal agent, according to the immunofluorescence test, has not always been removed. The inclusion conjunctivitis can be treated either with single oral administration of doxycycline or combining it with topical agents.
Doxycycline is indicated for prophylaxis in the following situations: typhus (Rickettsia tsutsugamuchi). Traveler's diarrhea (enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli). Leptospirosis (Leptospira spp.). Malaria (in areas where Plasmodium falciparum is resistant to chloroquine).

IN HUMAN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY:
Absorption: Approximately 90 to 100% of an oral dose of doxycycline hyclate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Because tetracyclines quickly form chelates with divalent and trivalent cations including aluminum, calcium, iron and magnesium, concomitant administration with antacids and other drugs containing these cations may decrease the oral absorption of doxycycline.

Distribution: The tetracyclines are widely distributed in body tissues and fluids including pleural fluid, bronchial secretions, sputum, saliva, ascites fluid, synovial fluid, aqueous humor and vitreous, and prostate and seminal fluids. The degree of binding to serum proteins of doxycycline is 25 to 93%. Doxycycline is distributed into bile and undergoes enterohepatic circulation in various degrees. In the absence of obstruction, drug concentrations in bile may be 2 to 32 times greater than those reported in serum.

The drug rapidly crosses the placenta and is distributed into milk in concentrations which may be identical to the maternal serum.

Metabolism: Although it was suggested that doxycycline is partially metabolized in the liver, recent studies indicate that the drug is not metabolized but partially deactivated in the gut by the formation of chelates.
Elimination: The serum half-life of doxycycline in patients with normal renal function is 14 to 17 hours after administration of a single dose and 22 to 24 hours with multiple dosing. In patients with severe renal reported serum half-life is 18 to 26 hours after administration of a single dose and 20 to 30 hours with multiple dosing.

Doxycycline, is bacteriostatic against a wide variety of both Gram-positive microorganisms such as Gram-negative. In gram-negative bacteria, drug transport into the cell by passive diffusion takes place but also by an active transport system ATP-dependent. It is believed that this system is also present in Gram-positive bacteria. When doxycycline and minocycline more lipophilic than other tetracyclines, step inside the bacteria is easier. Once inside the cell, these antibiotics bind to 30S ribosomal subunits, thereby blocking the binding of aminoacyl-transfer RNA to messenger RNA. Thus, tetracyclines block protein synthesis ultimately prevent bacterial growth. In very high doses of tetracyclines may also block protein synthesis in mammalian cells, but these lack the active transport systems of bacteria. Resistance occurs when bacteria undergo mutations that cause cell wall is less permeable. Bacterial resistance is crossed for all except tetracyclines minocycline.

It is generally accepted that these organisms are sensitive to doxycycline in vitro: Actinomyces israelii, Bacillus anthracis, Balantidium coli, Bartonella bacilliformis, Bordetella pertussis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia recurrentis, Brucella spp., Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis , Campylobacter fetus, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Coxiella burnetii, Entamoeba histolytica, Francisella tularensis, Fusobacterium fusiforme, Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae (β-lactamase negative), Haemophilus influenzae (β-lactamase positive), Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila, Leptospira spp., Leptotrichia buccalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Nocardia spp., Pasteurella multocida, Plasmodium falciparum, Propionibacterium acnes, Propionibacterium propionicum, Rickettsia akari, Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, Shigella spp., Spirillum minus, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pestis.

However, it is recommended routine administration of tetracycline and doxycycline in general particularly in gram-negative infections since many of these organisms are resistant. Group A streptococci from enterococci (Streptococcus faecalis and S. faecium) are always tough.
The tetracyclines, including doxycycline are ineffective against infections caused by viruses and fungi.
In the treatment of periodontitis, doxycycline inhibits collagenase, since tissue levels of antibiotics are too low to have a direct antibacterial effect.

Contraindications
VIVRADOXIL ® is contraindicated in people who have shown hypersensitivity to doxycycline or any of the tetracyclines. In pregnancy, lactation and children under 8 years old.
VIVRADOXIL ® should not be used in patients with liver or kidney failure.

PRECAUTIONS:

VIVRADOXIL ® have effects on the enamel and dentin of developing teeth causing a yellow or brown permanently and enamel hypoplasia.
Avoid use in children under 8 years unless no other treatment is just as effective.
When administering VIVRADOXIL ® in patients with liver dysfunction, may require a reduction in dose may be decreased because the speed for the metabolism of the antibiotic, increasing the elimination half-life.
Esophageal ulceration may be a problem if VIVRADOXIL ® is administered with little liquid. Likewise, should be administered in a vertical position and at bedtime.
Patients should be advised that foods high in calcium or iron (eg, dairy products or products derived from blood sausages like black pudding) can significantly reduce the absorption of VIVRADOXIL ®, but is unlikely to treatment failure.
Recommended intake of sufficient quantities of liquid by taking medication tetracycline in order to reduce the likelihood of irritation or ulceration of the esophagus. If gastric irritation occurs, it is recommended that doxycycline be taken with food or milk. Studies indicate that absorption of doxycycline is not affected significantly when given simultaneously with food or milk.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Doxycycline is classified in category D pregnancy risk.
All tetracyclines show a deleterious effect on skeletal development and bone growth of the fetus and young children. Should not be given in the second half of pregnancy unless the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks to the fetus.
Doxycycline is excreted in breast milk and form a stable calcium complex in any osteogenic tissue.

ADVERSE REACTIONS:

Digestive disorders may occur but are less frequent than with other tetracyclines, including: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glotitis, dysphagia, enterocolitis, and inflammatory processes of the anogenital region (with growth monillias). These reactions have been observed with both oral and parenteral administration of tetracyclines.
It has been reported rarely esophagitis and esophageal ulcers. Most patients had taken the drug before bedtime.
Skin: maculopapular and erythematous rash. Although rare, cases have been reported exofoliativa dermatitis and photosensitivity.
Hypersensitivity reactions: Urticaria, angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid purpura, pericarditis and exacerbation of lupus erythematosus. When given a tetracycline for prolonged periods, have been reported microscopic staining dark brown in the thyroid gland. There are no reports of thyroid function disorders.
DRUG INTERACTIONS AND OTHER GENDER:
Divalent or trivalent cations are chelates for tetracycline antibiotics, forming insoluble compounds. The effects of calcium salts on the bioavailability of doxycycline are smaller than those of other tetracyclines.
Multivitamin preparations typically contain salts of iron or zinc that may interfere with the absorption of doxycycline.
Although the doxycycline is not completely metabolized in the liver, it was found that co-administration with rifampin significantly increases the clearance of doxycycline.

It has been observed increased clearance and pharmacokinetics of doxycycline when administered while carbamazepine, pentobarbital, phenobarbital and phenytoin. Should take into account the possibility of an unsuccessful treatment if the doxycycline is administered at the same time that these enzyme-inducing agents.
Doxycycline may increase the effects of warfarin or other oral anticoagulants by interfering with the production of vitamin K by intestinal flora.
Likewise, alteration of the intestinal flora produced by the antibacterial action of doxycycline may increase the bioavailability of digoxin is partially metabolized by intestinal bacteria. Can therefore increase the toxicity of digoxin.
Concomitant administration of colestipol reduce the absorption of tetracycline by 50%. Since doxycycline undergoes enterohepatic circulation must be more susceptible than other tetracyclines for the purposes of the resins sequestering cholesterol lowering.
The tetracyclines, including doxycycline may enhance the neuromuscular effects of nondepolarizing muscle blockers.
The tetracyclines, including doxycycline, may increase the photosensitizing effects of griseofulvin, phenothiazines, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazide diuretics, and analogs of vitamin A. They can also increase the effects of photodynamic therapy.

CHANGES IN RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTS:
It has been reported increased BUN with the use of tetracyclines and is apparently dose related (see PRECAUTIONS).
Also, there are reports of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and eosinophilia.

PRECAUTIONS IN RELATION TO EFFECTS OF Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility:
The results of animal studies indicate that tetracyclines cross the placenta, are found in fetal tissues and can result in toxic effects in it (usually in relation to delayed skeletal development). There has also been evidence of embryotoxicity in animals treated during the early period of gestation.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:
Oral.
The usual dose of doxycycline in adults is 200 mg on the first day of treatment, administered in a single feeding or 100 mg every twelve hours, followed by a maintenance dose of 100 mg / day.

In the treatment of more severe infections (particularly chronic urinary tract infections) may be provided 200 mg daily throughout the treatment.
Children over 8 years: The recommended dosage schedule for children weighing 50 kg or less is 4 mg / kg the first day of treatment (one or two doses), followed by 2 mg / kg on subsequent days (one or two doses). In more severe infections, can be used up to 4 mg / kg daily. In children over 50 kg, the recommended dose should be used for adults.
Acne vulgaris: 50 to 100 mg daily for up to 12 weeks. Uncomplicated gonococcal infections (except anorectal infections in men): 100 mg orally, 2 times daily for 7 days. As alternative scheme of a single dose may be given 300 mg once, followed by one hour after another 300 mg.
Urethral infection, endocervical or rectal adult uncomplicated, produced by Chlamydia trachomatis: 100 mg orally, 2 times daily for 7 days. The acute epididymo-orchitis caused by C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae: 100 mg orally, 2 times daily for a minimum of 10 days. Ureaplasma urealyticum infections (Mycoplasma T) male genital tract: associated with unexplained infertility, both patient and wife must be treated with 100 mg 2 times daily for 4 weeks.
Nongonococcal urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum: 100 mg, 2 times daily, orally, for 7 days. Primary and secondary syphilis: 300 mg daily in divided doses, for a minimum of 10 days. Pelvic inflammatory disease in outpatients: It is recommended cefoxitin, 2 g intramuscularly, or 3 g of amoxicillin or ampicillin 3.5 g orally, or penicillin G procaine, 4.8 million units IM, applied at two different sites, or ceftriaxone 250 mg IM. Each of these diagrams, except ceftriaxone, must be accompanied by oral administration of probenecid at a dose of 1 g, followed by 100 mg of doxycycline, orally, 2 times daily, for 10 to 14 days. For the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine 200 mg daily for at least 7 days. Esquisonticida should be given fast-acting, such as quinine, together with doxycycline. The recommended doses of quinine vary in different places. For prophylaxis of malaria: For adults, 100 mg daily. Children over 8 years, 2 mg / kg per day, with a maximum equal to the dose for adults. Prophylaxis can be started 1 to 2 days before travel to malarious areas. Should be continued daily during the week and 4 weeks after leaving such areas. The louse-borne relapsing fever and tick typhus epidemic and have been successfully treated with a single oral dose of 100 or 200 mg depending on its severity.
For the treatment and prophylaxis of cholera selective in adults: 300 mg in one dose. For prevention of typhus: 200 mg as single dose. For the prevention of traveler's diarrhea in adults: 200 mg during the first travel day (administered as a single dose or 100 mg every 12 hours), followed by 100 mg daily while on the risk area. There are no data on the prophylactic effect when using the antibiotic for more than 21 days. For the prevention of leptospirosis: 200 mg orally every week for staying in the danger area, and 200 mg at the end of the trip. There are no data on the prophylactic effect when using the antibiotic for more than twenty days. For the treatment of leptospirosis: 100 mg orally two times daily for 7 days. Studies done to date have indicated that administration of doxycycline to the usual recommended doses does not lead to excessive accumulation of the antibiotic in patients with renal insufficiency.
Note: Treatment should be continued for at least 24 or 48 hours after symptoms and fever have subsided. In case of streptococcal infections, therapy should be continued for 10 days, to prevent the development of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis.
REPRESENTATIONS AND MANAGEMENT Overdosage:
In case of overdosage, discontinue medication, treat symptoms and institute supportive measures. Dialysis does not alter the serum half-life and, therefore, would not be beneficial in the treatment of cases of overdosage.

Drug Name: Vivradoxil
Comparable Patent Medicines: Vivramicina
Active ingredient: Doxycycline
Presentation: Tablets
Concentration: 100mg
Extended-release tablets: No
Laboratory: Alpharma, Inc. de CV
Bottle with 10 pills
Made in Mexico


   
   
   
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